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Here we see the manual annealing process, ovens are used for larger pieces or quantities.  Small quantities are simply done with a torch.  When heated to the proper temperature, on a microscopic level the material’s structure is changed in a way that releases the stresses built up from working it.  Copper is one of a number of metals that exhibit this ability to ‘work harden’.  The process of working, hardening and annealing can be repeated as many times as is necessary to complete the form being spun.  In this case, the correct temperature is being judged by the color of the shell, which with some experience is a surprisingly accurate measure of the temperature achieved.